Jumlah Telur Cacing Soil Transmitted Helminth STH ) Pada Metode Sedimentasi Dan Flotasi

Budi Setiawan; Gusti Ayu Dewi Syayyidah; Ratih Hardisari; Subrata Tri Widada; Anik Nuryati

Budi Setiawan Department of Medical Laboratory Technology of Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Center of Excellence for Science and Technology Innovation Public Health of Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Gusti Ayu Dewi Syayyidah Department of Medical Laboratory Technology of Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Ratih Hardisari Department of Medical Laboratory Technology of Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Subrata Tri Widada Department of Medical Laboratory Technology of Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Anik Nuryati Department of Medical Laboratory Technology of Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Keywords: Soil Transmitted Helminth, worm eggs, Sedimentation, Flotation

Abstract

Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) worm infections in the world reach more than 1.5 billion people (24 %) of the world’s population. The diagnosis of helminthiasis can be made by examination of the feces, such us sedimentation method and flotation method. Reseach objectives are choosing the right method in detecting the type of worm egg species and the amount of eggs STH worms and to determine the difference between sedimentation and flotation method on the examination of the amount of eggs STH worms. This studies is an Observational makes use of a Cross-sectional research design. The research data was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U with SPSS 20.0 for Windows. The results of sedimentation method found the amount of worm eggs was 108 worm eggs with an average of 6.75, meanwhile flotation method found the amount of worm eggs was 217 worm eggs with an average of 13.56. The average difference between sedimentation and flotation methode are 7.56. The results of the statistical analysis of the Mann-Whitney U test with Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) 0.001 (p < 0.05). The conclusion is the sedimentation method was could for detecting Ascaris lumbricoides eegs (84.26%), Trichuris trichiura eegs (4.63%) and hookworm eegs (11.11%), meanwhile flotation method was could for detecting Ascaris lumbricoides eegs (98.62%), Trichuris trichiura eegs (0.92%) and hookworm eegs (0.46%). The sedimentation method was effective for detecting Ascaris lumbricoides eegs and hookworm eegs, meanwhile flotation method was effective for detecting Ascaris lumbricoides eegs.

References

1. Farrell SH, Coffeng LE, Truscott JE, et al. Investigating the effectiveness of current and modified world health organization guidelines for the control of soil-transmitted helminth infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;66(Suppl 4):S253-S259. doi:10.1093/cid/ciy002
2. Steinbaum L, Kwong LH, Ercumen A, et al. Detecting and enumerating soil-transmitted helminth eggs in soil: New method development and results from field testing in Kenya and Bangladesh. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017;11(4):e0005522. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005522
3. Barda BD, Rinaldi L, Ianniello D, et al. Mini-FLOTAC, an Innovative Direct Diagnostic Technique for Intestinal Parasitic Infections: Experience from the Field. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(8). doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002344
4. World Health Organization. Soil Transmitted Helminth Infection. Published online 2020. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/soil-transmitted-helminth-infections
5. Asfaw MA, Gezmu T, Wegayehu T, et al. Soil-transmitted helminth infections among pre-school aged children in Gamo Gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia: Prevalence, intensity and intervention status. PLoS One. 2020;15(12 December):1-15. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0243946
6. Kurscheid J, Laksono B, Park MJ, et al. Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminth infections in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Chai jong Y, ed. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(12):e0008907. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008907
7. Indonesia KKR. Penanggulangan Cacingan. Pusat Pendidikan SDM Kesehatan; 2017.
8. Regina MP, Halleyantoro R, Bakri S. Perbandingan Pemeriksaan Tinja Antara Metode Sedimentasi Biasa Dan Metode Sedimentasi Formol-Ether Dalam Mendeteksi Soil-Transmitted Helminth. J Kedokt Diponegoro. 2018;7(2):527-537.
9. Asdar W, Puasa R, Husen SH. Identifikasi Telur Soil Transmitted Helminth Pada Feces Anak-Anak Menggunakan Metode Flotasi Di Desa Nusliko Kecamatan Weda Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah. J Kesehat. 2019;12(2):21-26. doi:10.32763/juke.v12i2.163
10. Ballweber LR, Beugnet F, Marchiondo AA, Payne PA. American Association of Veterinary Parasitologists’ review of veterinary fecal flotation methods and factors influencing their accuracy and use—Is there really one best technique? Vet Parasitol. 2014;204(1-2):73-80. doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.05.009
11. Nikolay B, Brooker SJ, Pullan RL. Sensitivity of diagnostic tests for human soil-transmitted helminth infections: A meta-analysis in the absence of a true gold standard. Int J Parasitol. 2014;44(11):765-774. doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.05.009
12. Inês EDJ, Pacheco FTF, Pinto MC, et al. Concordance between the zinc sulphate flotation and centrifugal sedimentation methods for the diagnosis of intestinal parasites. Biomédica. 2016;36(4):519. doi:10.7705/biomedica.v36i4.2799
13. Notoatmojo S. Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. PT Asdi Mahasatya; 2010.
14. Solimun A dan FAAR. Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif Perspektif Sistem (Mengungkap Novelty Dan Memenuhi Validitas Penelitian). Universitas Brawijaya Press; 2018.
15. Hanafiah KA. Rancangan Percobaan: Teori Dan Aplikasi. Raja Grafindo Persada; 2014.
16. Glinz D, Silué KD, Knopp S, et al. Comparing Diagnostic Accuracy of Kato-Katz, Koga Agar Plate, Ether-Concentration, and FLOTAC for Schistosoma mansoni and Soil-Transmitted Helminths. Geiger SM, ed. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2010;4(7):e754. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000754
17. Dwinata, I. M., Ida A. P. NAS dan IBM. Identifikasi Parasit Cacing. Universitas Udayana; 2017.
18. Cringoli G, Rinaldi L, Albonico M, Bergquist R, Utzinger J. Geospatial (s)tools: integration of advanced epidemiological sampling and novel diagnostics. Geospat Health. 2013;7(2):399. doi:10.4081/gh.2013.97
19. Widiyanti F, Nuryati A, Nuryani S. Lama pengapungan terhadap jumlah telur Soil Transmitted Helminth metode flotasi. J Vokasi Kesehat. 2020;6(1):52-55.
20. Nezar MR, Susanti R, Setiati N. Jenis Cacing Pada Feses Sapi di TPA Jatibarang Dan KTT Sidomulyo Desa Nongkosawit Semarang. Unnes J Life Sci. 2014;3(2):93-102.
21. Tello R, Terashima A, Marcos LA, Machicado J, Canales M, Gotuzzo E. Highly effective and inexpensive parasitological technique for diagnosis of intestinal parasites in developing countries: Spontaneous sedimentation technique in tube. Int J Infect Dis. 2012;16(6):2011-2013. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2011.12.017
22. Moges F, Belyhun Y, Tiruneh M, et al. Comparison of formol-acetone concentration method with that of the direct iodine preparation and formol-ether concentration methods for examination of stool parasites. Ethiop J Heal Dev. 2010;24(2):148-151.
23. Setiawan B, Khasanah F. PERBEDAAAN SENSITIVITAS DAN SPESIFISITAS METODE PENGAPUNGAN DAN SEDIMENTASI FORMOL ETHER UNTUK PEMERIKSAAN SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTH. J Teknol Kesehat (Journal Heal Technol. 2018;14(2):41-45.
24. Natadisastra D dan AR. Parasitologi Kedokteran : Ditinjau Dari Organ Tubuh Yang Diserang. EGC; 2009.
25. Pouillevet H, Dibakou SE, Ngoubangoye B, Poirotte C, Charpentier MJE. A Comparative Study of Four Methods for the Detection of Nematode Eggs and Large Protozoan Cysts in Mandrill Faecal Material. Folia Primatol. 2017;88(4):344-357. doi:10.1159/000480233
26. Cools P, Vlaminck J, Albonico M, et al. Diagnostic performance of a single and duplicate Kato-Katz, Mini-FLOTAC, FECPAKG2 and qPCR for the detection and quantification of soil-transmitted helminths in three endemic countries. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019;13(8):1-22. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007446